Use case / user story - who cares?

So much for resolutions. It has been almost a month since my last post and I feel suitably disappointed with myself. And today I only have a short post:

I am repeatedly surprised by the vehemence of different analyst communities on issues of approach (and predictably on the rightness of their approach over all others). One consistent topic that always seems to provoke strong reactions is the question of requirement documentation via use case versus user story.

Personally I suspect that either and/or both approaches can be usefully applied (but then I always was a tiresome moderate) and that ultimately it mostly depends upon the content - I have seen (and written) variants of both that failed to extract what the underlying goal and business need of the user is and the sexiest template in the world was never going to fix them.

That said, I do appreciate that both approaches have value and should be in the analyst's arsenal. So I was delighted to read a posting on John Babcock's blog providing a great overview of thinking on this topic - he has put together a bunch of links to articles and sites that compare and contrast the approaches (of course both Fowler and Cockburn are represented, but there are several other interesting sources).

On reflection, I like the simplicity of user stories and their closeness to real world language, but they do not replace a well constructed use case model (as often as not, it is the model rather than the details that is really valuable) to help make sure that the requirements are complete. So both have value - use what makes sense for a given situation (and that could easily mean both) - how heavyweight do you need to be to ensure that you are capturing all the complexity of your project?

So, no strong reaction on my side. How moderate and boring.

Tough.

Authentic experience - the next level of economic value?

I know it is becoming a little bit too much of a recurring theme, but today's TED lecture is a cracker. It is fairly uncontroversial and familiar terrain (the progressive shift from products to services and then to selling experiences to differentiate to the customer). Joseph Pines basically argues that "authentic" experience is becoming a key to successs and provides a nifty corporate 2x2 matrix ("true to self" vs "be what you say you are") to show various flavours of experience. He gives a few simple commercial experience examples and manages to frame it all with a quote from Hamlet, all in 14 minutes.

Here it is:

ModernAnalyst.com

I came across modernanalyst.com a while ago, but was unimpressed. Quite apart from the name (which sounds to me like it should be a BBC television series from the open university from around 1982, populated by men in checkered shirts with beards discussing the philosophical differences between this and that), it was entirely lacking in content.

Luckily for me, I noticed a link to an article on the site about trends in business analysis for 2009 and although this particular article was not so great - "analysts are at the centre of all successful IT projects" seemed to be the underlying tone - it forced me back onto the site, which has been greatly enhanced.

It is full of interesting articles, a load of useful templates for download and a pretty active forum. It is this forum that I think will be valuable - it is all too easy to forget that there are people out there with exactly the same issues and concerns that you have, and there really is no need to reinvent the wheel - it is enough of a challenge to get one's head around the business, so leave the process templating to the world at large and profit from it!

They also seem to have affiliated themselves with the IIBA (International association of business analysis) - another organisation that I had been unimpressed with until fairly recently. The latest version of the "BABOK" that they produced is much improved - although it is still a bit heavyweight and "stodgy" (for want of a better word) and it looks like they are getting positive feedback for their analyst accredidation scheme.

A very happy and successful 2009

Resolutions for the New Year? Well privately I have any number, but one that I am willing to post is that I have resolved to post an item a week on average this year. Today the post is short and to the point: the latest manager-tools podcast is a good one worth listening to if you are new to project management. Horstman has reduced his approach to project management to one simple statement "Who does what by when?" - not a bad summary! I have only heard the first part of this extended podcast, but it is promising start - just ignore the "we are the heroes" undertone. I expect that the "trademarked" actionable content of the advice is going to be in the follow on casts.

You can find it here at the newly upgraded and improved manager-tools.com.

PS: I will save the (predictable) story related to my flight being delayed yesterday for another day.

Agile & user centric design

I haven't written for a little while; life coming up to Christmas is "hectic" (and a bunch of other things not suitable for print on this blog). This weekend, I had been fully expecting to write a short introduction, describing how my string of bad luck over flights was over - I had a fantastic flight on Friday night, landing 30 minutes ahead of schedule. Unfortunately, I am now sitting at Heathrow Terminal 5 watching the delay on my flight back to Duesseldorf go from 10 minutes, to 20, to 60, to 90 minutes as they replace the tyre before we take off. Ah well.

As always it has given me a chance to a) spend more money than I wanted to on cheap DVDs and b) do a little reading on combining agile project management and user centric design. This is a topic close to my heart and something that is akin to squaring the circle. The basic difficulty is clear, user centric design approaches tend to try to map out a complete detailed vision of the user experience for an application or website in order to ensure a consistent and deliberate flow through the entire site, whereas agile approaches focus on evolutionary development of systems, building up the complexity of the solution over time.

There is no reason that these two approaches should not co-exist however. As always it is simply a question of measure; agile doesn't say no upfront design, just enough; user centric design doesn't say don't experiment over time, just understand the overarching customer needs you are trying to fulfill.

I am very pleased to see that there is a nascent discussion finally emerging out there on this topic. The following links provide some food for thought, with plenty of practical steps to making the two approaches work together (as well as giving so more detail on where the difficulties between the approaches arise in the first place):

• http://agileproductdesign.com/index.html - a really good blog, by a guy specialising in the combination of agile and usablity. Definitely someone I am going to be following in the coming months. I particularly like his analysis of where the difficulties arise.
• http://www.slideshare.net/mgiudice/humancentered-design-meets-agile-development-presentation-625465/ - a nice overview on combining approaches.
• http://www.upassoc.org/upa_publications/jus/2007may/agile-ucd.pdf - an article in the Journal of Usability Studies - good to see some designers enthusing about agile.
• http://www.alistapart.com/articles/gettingrealaboutagiledesign - another good blog, with some concrete practical advice on what to do when combining scrum and user-centric design.
• http://www.useit.com/alertbox/agile-methods.html - a recent article by Jacob Nielsen (usability guru) on difficulties with agile that has kicked off some controversial discussions online. Strange; the original article seems entirely common-sensical and compatible with agile as I understand it.
• http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/agile-usability/ - a newsgroup with a pretty active discussion around usablility in agile projects.

Really, it all comes down to understanding what the user wants and needs and what the client wants and needs. Agile provides the framework to do this, as long as you can work with your client and users closely to build a strong vision of the purpose of the system up front and then continue to work with both parties throughout the development process to get quick feedback integrated into the system. But the first methodology that really anchors the user-centric design more firmly into an agile setting, will really win my vote.

"Working through screens" workbook

Well, for once I have to admit that I had a nearly perfect flight experience this morning; the flight was on time, the airport was empty, the seat was great, the bags were waiting for me once I got through passport control. The only thing that made it slightly less than absolutely perfect was landing in a cold and snowy Duesseldorf having been in South Africa for two weeks ;-).

Whilst trying to warm up in a freezing cold flat, I stumbled across an interesting online book this morning that provides insights into the design process for creating applications for knowledge work. From Flashbulb Interaction, it aims to support the product development team in the early concept phase ("100 Ideas for Envisioning Powerful, Engaging, and Productive User Experiences in Knowledge Work"), but from my perspective it offers a more complete view for application design than that.

What I really like about the book is that it is built around three concrete "knowledge domains" (building for architects, clinical research and financial trading). Although I guess this is more a product of the experience of Flashbulb as an organisation than a conscious decision of these industries as good examples. The domains make the concepts much more concrete. That said, by far the best element of this beautifully presented framework are the "Application envisioning questions" for each of the ideas.

It is available for download as a PDF, or as an online reference.

Business model design & another disrupted flight

Predictably enough, I had another problem with flights today (see previous posts for the saga of my experiences on a weekly basis on flights between Germany and the UK). Today's installment was the diversion of my flight from Duesseldorf to London Heathrow to Amsterdam. In fairness this was due to a medical emergency and I was really impressed with the way the staff on board handled it, but nevertheless I do begin to feel ever so slightly unlucky with my air travel!

I am now at Heathrow slowly getting into holiday mode and was just checking through the latest feeds on netvibes when Osterwalder's busines-model-design blog jumped out at me again. I already wrote a little bit about this blog a while back (see here) and I have been really impressed with the clarity of his approach of using a simple framework to inspire business model innovation. His latest blog entry is on google book search (which is in general a really cool and interesting thing!) - he does a really good job of simplifying down the motivation to this new product and what it could mean in a highly competitive industry. Take a look here.

My flight out has just been called, so wish me luck.